Establishment year of important organization & Function of nutrients

👉 Establishment year of importart organization / institute ♦

Org/ Institute Establishment

1. IARI - 01 Apr 1905

2. ICAR - 16 July 1929   

3. RBI - 01 Apr 1935

4. NAFED - 02 Oct 1958

5. FCI - 14Jan 1965                  

6. RRB - 02 Oct 1975

7. NABARD - 12 July 1982

8. AGMARK - 1937

9. APEDA - 13 Feb 1986

10. FSSAI - 05 Aug 2011 (Act 2006)

FUNCTIONS OF NUTRIENTS 

✅• C, H and O are the elements that provide basic structure to the plant. 

✅• N, S and P are useful in energy storage, transfer and bonding. 

✅• N, S and P are accessory structural elements which are more active and vital for living tissues. 

✅• K, Ca and Mg are necessary for charge balance. They act as regulators and carriers.  

✅• Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Mo and Cl are involved in enzyme activation and electron transport. They act as catalysers and activators. 

✅• Basic nutrients C, H and O are constituents of carbohydrates and several biochemical compounds.  

✅• Nitrogen is a constituent of proteins, enzymes, hormones,  

vitamins, alkaloids, chlorophyll etc.  

✅• Phosphorus is a constituent of sugar phosphates, nucleotides, nucleic acids, coenzymes and phospholipids. 

✅• Process of anabolism and catabolism of carbohydrates proceed when organic compounds are esterised with phosphoric acid.  

✅• Potassium is not a constituent of any organic compound.  

✅• Potassium is required as a cofactor for 40 or more enzymes.

✅• Potassium controls movement of stomata and maintains electroneutrality of plant cells.  

✅• Sulphur is a constituent of several aminoacids and fatty acids.  

✅• Calcium is a constituent of cell wall as calcium pectate.  

✅• Calcium is required as a cofactor in hydrolysis of ATP and phospholipids.  

✅• Magnesium is a constituent of chlorophyll.  

✅• Magnesium is required in several enzymes involved in phosphate transfer. 

✅• Iron is a constituent of various enzymes like cytochrome,  

catalase and plays the part of a vital catalyst in the plant.  

✅• Iron is a key element in various redox reactions of respiration, photosynthesis and reduction of nitrates and sulphates.  

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✅• Manganese is a constituent of several cation activated enzymes like decarboxylases, kinases, oxidases etc.  

✅• Manganese is essential for the formation of chlorophyll,  

reduction of nitrates and for respiration.  

✅• Copper and Zinc are involved in cation activated enzymes. 

✅• Boron helps in carbohydrate transport.  

✅• Boron is necessary for the germination of pollen, formation of flowers and fruits and for the absorption of cations.  

✅• Molybdenum is required for the assimilation of nitrates as well as for the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen.  

✅• Chlorine is involved in reaction relating to oxygen evolution.  

✅• Co, Se are the elements that need to be applied to forage crops from the viewpoint of animal nutrition.  

✅• Cobalt is essential for the synthesis of vitamin B12